Umsebenzi omkhulu owenziwe kwi UMasa Jikelele uBrigham (eBoston) yaza yapapashwa kwijenali ye-Obstetrics & Gynecology iye yaqaphela ukuba abantwana abazalwa ngoomama abaye bosulelwa zizifo I-COVID-19 ngexesha lokukhulelwa Babonisa uxilongo oluninzi lwe-autism kunye nezinye iziphazamiso ze-neurodevelopmental kwiminyaka emithathu. Nangona ikhonkco likhona, ababhali bagxininisa ukuba i Umngcipheko opheleleyo uhlala uphantsi ngokukhulelwa komntu ngamnye.
Uphando luhlalutyiwe 18.124 abazalwayo irekhodishwe phakathi kukaMatshi 2020 kunye noMeyi 2021, ixesha apho i ugonyo ekukhulelweni Yayingafumaneki lula, yaye uninzi lwabafazi abakhulelweyo babengagonywanga. Ukufunyaniswa kuqiniswa kwintsholongwane yesithathu kunye nakubantwana abangamadoda, kodwa, ekubeni i uphononongo loqwalaselo, akasivumeli ukuba sigqibe ngesizathu esithe ngqo.
Baphanda ntoni yaye njani?
Iqela laphonononga iirekhodi zonyango zoomama kunye neentsana zabo banyangwa eMassachusetts, kuthelekiswa Ngama-861 abakhulelweyo abanosulelo lwe-SARS-CoV-2 kunye nabanye abangama-17.263 ngaphandle kosulelo olubhaliweyo. Uxilongo lubandakanya ezifana i-autism, ukulibaziseka kwentetho kunye nokukhubazeka kwemoto, okurekhodiweyo ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala. Uhlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani lulungelelaniselwe ukuguquguquka kweklinikhi kunye ne-sociodemographic, nangona ababhali bevuma ukuba kunokwenzeka. izinto ezibhidayo ayilawulwa ngokupheleleyo.
Kwimeko yethutyana yesifundo, ngeenxa zonke 93% Uninzi loomama abazange bagonywe ngenxa yokunqongophala kokufumaneka kweedosi, nto leyo ethintela ukuvavanywa kwendima yokukhusela yogonyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Abaphandi bachaza ukuba uphando olongezelelweyo luya kufuneka. amaqela kunye nabasetyhini abagonyiweyo ukulinganisa isiphumo sokumodareyitha esinokwenzeka sogonyo.
Indlela yokusebenza ixhomekeke kwidatha yezempilo ye-elektroniki kunye neenkcazo zokuxilonga ezisemgangathweni, indlela ebonelela ngobungakanani besampulu kunye ukungqinelana ekufakweni kolwazinangona ingazijongela phantsi iimeko ezithambileyo ezingabhalwanga kwimbali yonyango.
Ngaphaya koko, i-cohort ihambelana ne amanqanaba okuqala obhubhane, xa iinguqu, ukunakekelwa kweklinikhi kunye nokuvezwa koluntu kwakuhluke kwizinto zangoku, inkalo echaphazelekayo yokutolika ukuqinisekiswa kwangaphandle.
Iziphumo eziphambili
Kubantu abangama-861 abakhulelweyo abane-COVID-19, I-140 labantwana (16,3%) Bafumene ukuxilongwa kwe-neurodevelopmental kwiminyaka emithathu, xa kuthelekiswa 1.680 (9,7%) phakathi kwe-17.263 engavezwanga. Emva kokulungelelaniswa kwezinto ezininzi eziguquguqukayo, usulelo lomama ludityaniswe ne 29% ngaphezulu Ukuhambisa ezinye zezi zixilongo ze-neurodevelopmental ebuntwaneni bokuqala.
Umbutho wawunamandla xa usulelo lwenzeka kwi kwikota yesithathu nakwiintsana abesilisa, ipateni ehambelana noko kubonwe kwezinye izifundo malunga nokuba sesichengeni ngokwahlukileyo ngesondo kuphuhliso lweneurodevelopment.
Nokuba ngala manani, ababhali bagxininisa ukuba Umngcipheko womntu ngamnye uhlala uphantsiUninzi lwabantwana abavezwe kwi-COVID-19 kwi-utero abayi kuphuhlisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-neurodevelopmental. Olu vavanyo lulumkileyo luthintela i-alamu kwaye lunceda ukugxila ekuthinteleni kunye namanyathelo okubeka iliso.
Iingcali ezizimeleyo ezidityaniswe namajelo eendaba zigxininisa ukuba le datha ixhasa ukuthintela usulelo ngexesha lokukhulelwangelixa ubiza ubungqina ukuba zidityaniswe namaqela amatsha kunye noyilo olulawula ngcono ukugula komama.
Luthetha ukuthini olu nxulumano (kwaye aluthethi ntoni)?
Uphononongo alubonisi ukuba intsholongwane kubangela uphazamiseko ngokwayo; ibonisa umbutho wamanani. Phakathi kweengqikelelo zobuchwephesha yi ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba kumamaezinokuthi zibangele abalamli abavuthayo abakwazi ukuguqula indawo ye-placenta kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iinkqubo eziphambili zokuphuhliswa kwengqondo yomntwana.
Ababhali baqaphela ukuba ngokuqhelekileyo kunqabile ukuba iintsholongwane zokuphefumla njengomkhuhlane okanye i-SARS-CoV-2 ukuwela i-placenta; Impembelelo inokuthi yenzeke ngenxa yenkqubo yokukrala kukamama, ephembelela indlela iiseli zemithambo-luvo Ziyakhula kwaye zidibanise.
Phakathi kwezithintelo, ezinye izinto zoomama-umzekelo, ukutyeba kakhulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi okanye isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa- mhlawumbi abazange baqokelelwe ngokupheleleyo okanye balungelelaniswe, nto leyo ebonisa ukutolika ubukhulu obuchanekileyo besiphumo ngokuqaphela.
Kukwafanelekile ukuba uninzi lwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kuphononongo Abazange bagonyweUhlalutyo lokukhulelwa kwabasetyhini abagonyiweyo luya kuba yimfuneko ukuqikelela ukuba ugonyo luwunciphisa kangakanani lo mngcipheko unxulumeneyo.
Iimpembelelo eSpain naseYurophu
Nangona idatha ivela eUnited States, iziphumo zikho ehambelana neYurophu neSpain ngokubhekiselele kuthintelo kunye nombutho wokulandelelwa kwabantwana. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo abanosulelo olubhaliweyo banokuzuza kuphononongo olwandisiweyo lwe ulwimi kunye nophuhliso lweemoto yabantwana babo kwiminyaka yokuqala.
Iiprothokholi zokhathalelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka kunye nelokubeleka eYurophu ziquka Ugonyo lwe-COVID-19 kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo njengenyathelo elikhuselekileyo nelisebenzayo lokunciphisa iingxaki zokubeleka, ezinokuthi zinciphise amathuba okuba ukutyhileka komntwana ukudumba kwenkqubo.
Ukongeza kugonyo, amanyathelo aqhelekileyo-ukungenisa umoya, ucoceko lwezandla, ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kweemaski zobuso Kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu-zihlala zizixhobo ezincedo zokunciphisa usulelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Kwimeko yokuvezwa kwangaphambi kokubeleka, ulungelelwaniso phakathi UNonophelo oluPhambili, ooGqirha babantwana kunye nabaBelesayo Iququzelela isiphaluka esicacileyo sokuhlola kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungenelelo lwangethuba, olusisicwangciso esinempembelelo enkulu ekuphuculeni iziphumo ze-neurodevelopmental.
Ukuthintela kunye nokulandelwa kweklinikhi
Kwiintsapho kunye neengcali, umyalezo udibanisa isilumkiso kunye nesenzo: umngcipheko ohambelanayo uyanda, kodwa amathuba omntu aphantsiInto enengqiqo yokwenza kukuqinisa uthintelo kunye nokucwangcisa inkqubo yokubeka iliso yophuhliso evumela ukuba kubonwe kwangethuba naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo.
Phakathi kwezindululo eziqhelekileyo kukugcina usexesheni ugonyo ekukhulelweni (njengoko kuyalelwa yingcali yezempilo), yiya kuxilongo lokubeleka nabantwana kwaye ibeke iliso kwinkqubela phambili yomntwana kwi-9, 18, 24 kunye Iinyanga ze36.
Ukuba iimpawu ezifana nokulibaziseka kwentetho, ubunzima bemoto, okanye unxibelelwano olulinganiselweyo lwentlalo luyabonwa, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucele uvavanyo olulodwa Ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Ukungenelela kwangaphambili kuphucula i-prognosis kwaye kunokunciphisa impembelelo yokusebenza kwixesha eliphakathi kunye nexesha elide.
Ukusombulula amathandabuzo athile malunga nemingcipheko yomntu, kufanelekile ukuxoxa ngembali kunye ne Iqela leklinikhi yesalathiso, eya kukwazi ukulungelelanisa isicwangciso sokubeka iliso kunye nenkxaso kwimeko nganye.
Olu phononongo longeza ubungqina kwingxoxo-mpikiswano ebuthathaka: i Usulelo lwe-COVID-19 ekukhulelweni Inxulunyaniswa noxilongo oluninzi lwe-autism kunye nokunye ukulibaziseka kophuhliso kwiminyaka emithathu, ngakumbi kwi-trimester yesithathu kunye nakumakhwenkwe. Ayibonisi unobangela, kodwa ikhokela ukuziqhelanisa: uthintelo, ugonyo xa lubonisiwe, kunye nokomeleza. ukujongwa kwe-neurodevelopmental ebuntwaneni bokuqala.
